4rail.net - Electric Multiple Units in Germany

Main > Reference > Germany > Electric Multiple Units

European Countries Austria Belgium Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Gallery Germany High Speed > Multiple Units Electric Multiple Units Diesel Locomotives Electric Locomotives Diesel Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Poland Russia Slovenia Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom North America	4rail.net - Electric Multiple Units in Germany Welcome to the Diesel Locomotives used in Germany Page! Below you will find all the types in use and given some time also their technical details. There are also be pages for the Electric Locomotives, Diesel Locomotives and Diesel Multiple Units. High Speed EMUs and HS Virtual EMUs: Deutsche Bahn (DB) EMU Classes: * 401 (ICE1) * 402 (ICE2) * 403 (ICE3) * 406 (ICE3) * 407 (Velaro-D) * DB Regio and Locals: Class 423 * Class 430 * - - - Click any picture to see a larger version of it! - - -		Created for 4rail.net by John McKey, Ilkka Siissalo and Andreas Ehnberg. Pictures by Stanislav Voronin, Ilkka Siissalo, Hannu Peltola, Andreas Ehnberg and John McKey. Also in this section Germany RR Main Page is a great place to start browsing on the German railroading. Germany High Speed Page brings you the present and the development of the German HS.
	While refurbishing lasts we have preserved also the old page...

	Deutsche Bahn
		Intercity Express 1 / Class 401 of Deutsche Bahn The first generation production ICE's are assigned number 1. These are distinctively streamlined and have a locomotive at both ends. This fleet has so far gone through one major refurbishment. Units built: 60, built in 1989 - 1993 Unit numbers: 101 - 120, 152 - 190 Maximum allowed speed: 280 km/h (174 mph) Electrical systems: all 15kV 16,7 Hz Usage: All around Germany on High Speed routes Detailed information on ICE 1 type and units...
		Intercity Express 2 / Class 402 of DB Very similar to the ICE1, the ICE2 train have only one locomotive, while the other end is formed by a driving trailer. Units built: 44, built in 1995 - 1997 Unit numbers: 402 001 - 402 046 Maximum allowed speed: 280 km/h (174 mph) Electrical systems: all 15kV 16,7 Hz Usage: All around Germany on High Speed routes Detailed information on ICE 2 type and units...
		DB Intercity Express 3 Class 403 ICE3 is the second generation of the super high speed trains in Germany. The train design was altered so that now a uniform set of cars was used and no locomotives were used in either end. ICE3's have several build series, each one enhanced of the previous model. Units built: 50 + 11 + 6, built in 1997 - late 2000s Unit numbers: 403 x01 - x37, x51 - x63, 406 x01 - x13 (text on the sides 46xx), 51 - x54, x80 - x85 Maximum allowed speed: 320 - 330 km/h (199 - 205 mph) Electrical systems: all 15kV 16,7 Hz, ICE3-M/MF (406) also 25 KV 50 Hz, 1500 V DC and 3000V DC Usage: All around Germany on High Speed routes, the multivoltage units can also be seen in neigboring countries. Detailed information on DB class 403 units... DB ICE3 M and ICE3 MF class 406 The first truly international ICE3 trainsets were ordered by Netherlands Railways NS as type ICE3 M and and DB as ICE3 MF. Of the latter some unit were new and some rebuilt of the class 403 for the French traffic. Units built and rebuilt: 11 + 6, 1997 - 2008 Unit numbers: 406 x01 - x13, 406 x51 - x54, 406 x80 - x85 Maximum allowed speed: 330 km/h in Germany (205 mph) Electrical systems: 15kV 16,7 Hz, 25 KV 50 Hz, 1500 V DC and 3000V DC Usage: All around Germany international high speed routes, mainly to France (Paris, Marseille), Belgium (Brussels) and Holland (Amsterdam), possibly later also U.K. (to London through Channel tunnel). Detailed information on ICE 3 CLASS 406 units...
		Deutsche Bahn class 407 / Siemens Velaro D The newest Velaro trainsets will initially be allocated mostly as a surplus power to add capacity within other ICE train pools. The new trains are thoroughly improved from the previous generations, although the outside appearance remains strikingly similar at first looks. Units built: 15, 2010 - current production model Unit numbers: 407 x01 - Maximum allowed speed: 320 km/h (199 mph) Electrical systems: all 15kV 16,7 Hz, 25 KV 50 Hz, 1500 V DC and 3000V DC Usage: All around Germany and international high speed routes, mainly to France (Paris, Marseille), Belgium (Brussels) and Holland (Amsterdam), possibly U.K. (London) later. Similar units will also be manufactured for use at Eurostar as E320 trainsets. Not surprisingly, these are targeted partly for the same routes the Deutsche Bahn has in mind. Detailed information on Velaro-D Class 407 units...

	Deutsche Bahn Red Series for mainly local use
		DB Regio Class 423 This look is one of the most typical you see in Germany. It can be fouind for example in Munich, Rhein-Main, Stuttgart and Köln areas. Units: 462 Unit numbers: 423/433 xxx Maximum allowed speed: 140 km/h (87 mph) Capacity: 192 seated + 352 standing passengers Electrical systems: overhead el., AC 15kV 16,7 Hz Usage: Germany Detailed information on class 423...
		DB Regio Class 425 This EMU operates S bahn in many cities around Germany. Units in: 249 Unit numbers: 425 xxx Maximum allowed speed: 140 km/h (87 mph) Capacity: 206 seated (1st c. 24) + 228 standing passengers Electrical systems: all 15kV 16,7 Hz Usage: Germany Detailed information on class 425...
		DB Regio Class 430 This EMU will start replace the older types from beginning of 2013 in Stuttgart, Rhein and Ruhr areas. Units in order: 178 Unit numbers: 430 xxx Maximum allowed speed: 140 km/h (87 mph) Capacity: 184 seated + 310 standing passengers Electrical systems: all 15kV 16,7 Hz Usage: southwestern Germany Detailed information on class 430...

	ODEG
		Class ET445 of ODEG ODEG is bringing competition to Berlin transportation with its brand new Stadler KISS double deckers. Units in order: 16 (waiting for final certification) Unit numbers: ET 445 101 - Maximum allowed speed: 160 km/h (99 mph) Capacity: 1st class 24, 2nd 404 passengers Electrical systems: all 15kV 16,7 Hz Usage: Berlin area in Germany Detailed information on class ET445...

To the top of the page

Deutsche Bahn

Class 401 of Deutsche Bahn (ICE1)
	On the left: ICE1 DB class 401 is stopping at Hamburg Altoona station. Picture by Ilkka Siissalo. The German class 401 ICE-1 locomotives led trains form the ICE1 EMUs. These feature highest speed at 280 km/h (174 mph), at the brink of the super high speed class and matching closely the first generation French TGV's speed. Just like in France the locomotives is on both ends of the train, but the units can not be run in multiple. But would you really have a need to run in multiple a train with 14 cars? Unlike the French articulated (for safety reasons) building the structure was designed so that trailers could easily be added or removed from the consist, so every car has it's own bogies. This design has both advantages and disadvantages, the main issues being frlexibility and safety. The ICE1 trains have been very susccessful in their traffic, although the nonarticulated structure has also meant added danger to the passengers when accidents happed for example due to the failure of an axle. Therefore the axles of all railvehicles in Germany are currently inspected on regular base and defective axles changed before any real danger occurs. The ICE1 train sets class 801 - 804 14 trailers have so far gone through one major refurbishing phase. Technical details -> Builders: several German companies - ABB - AEG - Henschel - Krauss-Maffei - Krupp - Siemens -> Units built: 60 -> Units in use: 59, one unit lost in accident -> Maximum design speed: 280 km/h (174 mph) -> Power: 9600 kW (2 x 4800 kW) (13 052 Hp) -> Electricity: 15 kV 16,7 Hz -> Unit numbers: 101 - 120, 152 - 190 -> Loco unit numbers: 401 001 - 019, 051 - 090, 501 - 520, 552 - 590 -> Electrical systems: Asynchronous -> Unit length: 410,7 m (with 14 cars) -> Height: 3,84 m, restaurant car 4,3 m -> Width 3,02 m -> Windfactor: 0,17 at front, very low! -> Trailers: 14, - class 801: 1st class, 53 seats, 2 + 1 seating, toilet - class 801.8: 1st class, 41 seats, telephone booth, toilet - class 802: 2nd class, 71 seats, 2 toilets - class 802.9: 2nd class (car 7), ?? seats - class 803: servicecar, 35 second class seats, 2 wheelchair places, access free bathroom, baby chancing room, meeting room - class 804: restaurant car, places for 40 seated customers and 10 standing customers, the roof is higher on this car and has extra windows at the roof -> Couplers: Scharfenberg, including the connection within the train Easy recognition guide The ICE1 and ICE2 trains look remarkably similar, but where the ICE1 has loco on both ends the ICE2 has one loco and one driving trailer. On the left: ICE1 unit 014 stopped at the Hamburg Altoona with as sister unit on the other track. Picture by Ilkka Siissalo.

To the top of the page

Class 402 of Deutsche Bahn (ICE2)
	The second generation of the current super high speed trains in germany the ICE2 shares much of the design of the ICE1 trainsets, the most obvious difference being that the locomotive at the other end is replaced with a driving trailer. The distributed power was not yet introduced. The coaches of the ICE2 trains are currently going trough a first refurbishing. Technical details -> Builders: several German companies - Siemens - ABB Daimler Benz Transportation - AEG - DWA, Deutshe Wagonbau - Krauss-Maffei -> Owner and operator: Deutsche Bahn -> Units built: 46 locomotives, 44 "half" train sets with driving trailers 1996 - 1997 -> Units in use: 44 -> Maximum design speed: 280 km/h (174 mph) -> Power: 4800 kW (1 x 4800 kW) (6526 Hp) -> Power to track: 200 kN -> Electricity: 15 kV 16,7 Hz -> Unit numbers: 201 - 244 -> Loco unit numbers: 402 001 - 046, 2 for spare -> Electrical systems: Asynchronous -> Unit length: 205,4 m (with 12 cars) -> Height: 3,84 m, restaurant car 4,3 m -> Width 3,07 m -> Windfactor: 0,17 at front, very low! -> Trailers: 12, - class 805.0: 1st class, 53 seats, 2 + 1 seating, toilet - class 805.3: 1st class, 52 seats, smoking allowed in 21 - class 806.0: 2nd class, 63 seats, 2 toilets - class 806.3: 2nd class, 74 smokers seats - class 807.0: service car, places for 40 seated customers in restaurant, 15 standing places in Bistro - class 808.0: driving trailer, 2nd class, 52 seats -> Couplers: Scharfenberg, including the connection within the train Easy recognition guide The ICE1 and ICE2 trains look remarkably similar, but where the ICE1 has loco on both ends the ICE2 has one loco and one driving trailer.

	Pictures on left from above ICE2 DB class 402 is stopping at Hamburg Altoona station. Picture by Ilkka Siissalo. ICE2 dashes through the countryside at Ingolstadt Germany Picture by Sebastian Tertloft. 2 ICE 2 units coupled together make their stop at the multilevel station made out of glass and concrete in Berlinn, Germany. Picture by John McKey.

To the top of the page

Class 403 of Deutsche Bahn (ICE3)

ICE3 was the first EMU type high speed train for Germany and later also to the neighboring countries.

Pictures of the class 403 ICE3 trains by Ilkka Siissalo.

Technical details of the Class 403 of DB
-> Builder: Siemens AG Mobility Division and Bombardier
-> Owner and operator: Deutsche Bahn: 50 ICE3 units
-> Owner classification: Baureihe 403
-> Operations area: Germany

-> Units built: 50
-> Units in use: 50
-> Maximum design speed: 330 km/h (205 mph) on 15 kV
-> Power: 8000 kW (10877 Hp)
-> Electrical systems: Asynchronous
-> Power to track: 300 kN
-> Formation: Bo'Bo'+2'2'+Bo'Bo'+2'2'+2'2'+Bo'Bo'+2'2'+Bo'Bo'
-> Electric input: 15 kV 16,7 Hz overhead wire

-> Unit numbers: 43xx
coach order: 403 001, *101, *201, *301, *801, *701, *601, *501

-> Unit length: 200,8 m (with 8 cars)
- driving car lengths: 25,7 m
- other cars lengt: 24,8 m
-> Height: 3,9 m
-> Width: 2,95 m
-> Windfactor:

-> Trailers: 8,
- 1:
- 2:
- 3:
- 4:
- 5:
- 6:
- 7:
- 8:

-> Couplers: Scharfenberg, including the connection within the train

Easy recognition guide
- DB white high speed livery with a typical ICE3 nose window section, with multiple real windows in the front, front end is not pointed (like in ICE T / TD).
- nose doors slide to the sides.
- If you are able to see the train numbers at the ends the train, they are of 43XX-series.

To the top of the page

Class 406 of Deutsche Bahn (ICE3 / ICE3M)

The DB ICE3M unit 4607 in Liege Belgium, a futuristic train in the matching environment! Picture by Ilkka Siissalo.

Class 406 was the first ICE3 type train to be taken into use especially for the international routes. The train has many design similarities with the earlier ICE3 models and some of them were infact rebuilt from the class 403 ICE3s.

Technical details of the Class 406/406F of DB and NS
-> Builder: Siemens AG Mobility Division and Bombardier
-> Owner and operator:
-- Deutsche Bahn: 13 ICE3M and ICE3MF units
-- NS of Netherlands: 4 ICE3M units
-> Owner classification:
-- for ICE3M > Baureihe/Class 406
-- for ICE3MF > Baureihe/Class 406F
-> Operations area: Germany, France, Belgium, Netherlands

-> Units built:
-- 11 ICE3M
-- 6 ICE3MF
-> Units in use: 11 + 6
-> Maximum design speed: 330 km/h (205 mph) on 15 kV and 25 kV
-- 320 km/h in France due to flying ballast issue
-- 220 km/h in 1500V / 3000V domain due to not enough power
supplied by the catenary wires
-> Power:
-- 15 kV 16,6 Hz: 8000 kW (10877 Hp)
-- 25 kV 50 Hz: 8000 kW (10877 Hp)
-- 1500 V DC: 3600 kW (4894 Hp)
-- 3000 V DC: 4300 kW (5846 Hp)
-> Electrical systems: Asynchronous
-> Power to track: 300 kN
-> Formation: Bo'Bo'+2'2'+Bo'Bo'+2'2'+2'2'+Bo'Bo'+2'2'+Bo'Bo'
-> Electric input: 1500V DC, 3000V DC, 15 kV 16,7 Hz, 25 kV 50 Hz

-> Unit numbers:
Deutsche Bahn, M-units
-- 4601 - 4604, 4607, 4610 - 4611
coach order: 406 001, *101, *201, *301, *801, *701, *601, *501
Deutsche Bahn, MF-units
-- 4605, 4606, 4608, 4609, 4612, 4613
coach order: 406 080, *180, *280, *380, *880, *780, *680, *580
NS (De Nederlandse Spoorwegen)
-- 4651 - 4654, M-units
coach order: 406 051, *151, *251, *351, *851, *751, *651, *551

-> Unit length: 200,8 m (with 8 cars)
-- driving car lengths: 25,7 m
-- other cars lengt: 24,8 m
-> Height: 3,9 m
-> Width: 2,95 m
-> Windfactor:

To the top of the page

Class 407 of Deutsche Bahn (Velaro-D)

The latest in high tech super high speed train family is the Siemens mobility DB class Velaro-D EMU. Similar EMUs are also being prepared for use at Eurostar between United Kingdom and continental Europe.

The DB class 407 units are almost ready from the production lines and the class certification is on the way right now. The process has taken more time than estimated, but this in not unusual in case of any new train type, especially the high speed ones. Initially the class 407 will be used to add to ranks of the classes 403 and 406 serving Germany and later the trains will be directed to international routes where they were intended originally. With demand ofr super high speed travel rising even within Germany it is doubtful if these train will provide enough capacity for international pooling. More likely another batch has to be ordered for this purpose.

Keep your eyes open in Germany for now, it might well be that you see one of these units with straight roof line beginning at the end of the first coach and up and down opening nose cones instead of the sideways opening mechanism.

Technical details of the Class 407 of DB
-> Builder: Siemens AG Mobility Division
-> Owner and operator: Deutsche Bahn
-> Type: Velaro-D
-> Operator classification: class 407, registerd to Germany
-> Operations area: Germany, France, Belgium, Netherlands, later U.K. Possibly Switzerland and Austria.
-> Gauge: 1435 mm (normal gauge)

-> Units built: 17
-> Units in use: shortly entering daily use after certification is completed
-> Maximum design speed:
-- 320 km/h under 15 kV and 25 kV AC overhead lines
-- 220 km/h in 1500V / 3000V DC domain due to not enough power
supplied by the catenary wires
-> Power:
-- 15 kV 16,6 Hz: 8000 kW (10877 Hp)
-- 25 kV 50 Hz: 8000 kW (10877 Hp)
-- 1500 V DC: 4200 kW (5630 Hp)
-- 3000 V DC: 4200 kW (5630 Hp)
-> Electrical systems: Asynchronous
-> Power to track: 300 kN
-> Brakes: regenerative, pneumatic, electric,

-> Formation: Bo'Bo'+2'2'+Bo'Bo'+2'2'+2'2'+Bo'Bo'+2'2'+Bo'Bo'
-> Unit numbers: 407 xxx -

-> Unit length: 200,7 m (with 8 cars)
-- driving car lengths: 25,7 m
-- other cars lengt: 24,2 m
-> Height: 4,34 m
-> Width: 2,92 m
-> Windfactor:

-> Unit weight: 454 tons
-> Maximum axle weight: 17 tons

-> Trailers: 8,
- 1: End coach, powered
- 2:
- 3:
- 4:
- 5:
- 6:
- 7:
- 8: End coach, powered

- 460 seated passengers
- 1st class: 111
- 2nd class: 333
- buffet coach: 16

-> Couplers: Scharfenberg, including the connection within the train

-> Train control systems: ETCS (Eur), LZB (Ger), PZB (Ger), TBL 1 und 2 (Bel), TVM430 (Fra), ATB (Holland), KVB (UK / Fra)

Easy recognition guide
- DB white high speed livery with a typical ICE3 nose window section, with multiple real windows in the front, front end is not pointed (like in ICE T / TD).
- nose doors slide up and down.
- beginning the first coaches there are aerodynamic lockers for machinery throughout the whole trains foor.

To the top of the page

Class 423 of Deutsche Bahn

This look is one of the most typical you see in Germany. It can be fouind for example in Munich, Rhein-Main, Stuttgart and Köln areas.

Technical details of DB class 423/433
-> Type: Local 423/433 series EMU
-> Builders: ABB, Alstom and Bombardier / Adtranz
-> Owner and operator: Deutsche Bahn
-> Unit numbers: 423/433 xxx -
-> UIC numbering:

-> Units built: 462
-> Units in use: 462
-> Maximum design speed: 140 km/h (87 mph)
-> Power: 2350 kW (3150 Hp)
-> Power to track: kN
-> Electricity: 15 kV 16,7 Hz
-> Power systems: overhead supply, AC motors
-> Power distribution: Bo'Bo'2'Bo'Bo'

-> Capacity:
-- 192 seats
-- room for 352 standing passsengers
-> Entrance floor height: 100 cm
-> Airconditioning:

-> Gauge: 1435 mm (normal gauge)
-> Unit length: 67,4 m (4 module EMU)
-> Height: 3,78 m
-> Width 3,02 m
-> Unit weight: 105 tons

-> Couplers: Scharfenberg
-> Train control system: German

Easy recognition guide

To the top of the page

Class 430 of Deutsche Bahn

This local traffic EMu is the latest addition to replace older train from Stuttgart area and Rhein-Ruhr S bahn.

Technical details of DB class 430
-> Type: Local 4x0 series EMU
-> Builders: Alstom and Bombardier
-> Owner and operator: Deutsche Bahn
-> Unit numbers: 430 xxx -
-> UIC numbering:

-> Units built: in order 178
-> Units in use: -, train in prototype phase
-> Maximum design speed: 140 km/h (87 mph)
-> Power: 2350 kW (3150 Hp)
-> Power to track: kN
-> Electricity: 15 kV 16,7 Hz
-> Power systems: overhead supply, AC motors
-> Power distribution: Bo'Bo'2'Bo'Bo'

-> Capacity:
-- 168 seats
-- 16 folding seats
-- room for 310 standing passsengers
-> Entrance floor height: 103 cm
-> Airconditioning: Yes
-> Camera surveillance: Yes

-> Gauge: 1435 mm (normal gauge)
-> Unit length: 68,3 m (4 module EMU)
-> Height: 4,27 m
-> Width 3,02 m
-> Unit weight: 119 tons

-> Couplers: Scharfenberg
-> Train control system: Bombardier EBI Cab 500

Easy recognition guide

Typical red colored DB EMu with rounded grey enging at the top.
430 series numbering at front if you are close enough to see this

To the top of the page

ODEG

Class ET445 of ODEG

ODEG is an operator owned by of beNEX GmbH and NETINERA Deutschland GmbH, latter owned by Treniatalia. The new operator won Berlin regional traffic contracts and is preparing for its use class ET445 KISS EMUs manufacture in Berlin by Stadler.

Technical details of ODEG class ET445
-> Type: KISS EMU of Stadler Rail AG, manufactured in Berlin, Germany
-> Builders: Stadler Rail AG
-> Owner and operator: ODEG
-> Unit numbers: ET 445 101 - xxx
-> UIC numbering:

-> Units built: 16
-> Units in use: soon 16
-> Maximum design speed: 160 km/h (99 mph)
-> Power: ? 2000 kW (2680 Hp) (the manufacturer has no info, calculated from other KISS trains powered axle figures)
-> Power to track: 200 kN
-> Electricity: 15 kV 16,7 Hz
-> Power systems: overhead supply, AC motors
-> Power distribution: 2'Bo'+2'2'+2'2'+Bo'2'

-> Capacity:
-- 1st class: 24 seats
-- 2nd class: 324 seats
-- 2nd class: 80 folding seats
-- unknown number ofs standees.
-> Entrance floor height: 58 cm
-> Airconditioning: Yes
-> Interior video monitoring: Yes
-> 3 closed system toilets, one for reduced mobility (TSI-PRM)

-> Gauge: 1435 mm (normal gauge)
-> Unit length: 105,22 m (4 module EMU)
-> Height: 4,63 m
-> Width 2,8 m
-> Unit weight: 206 tons

-> Couplers: Scharfenberg
-> Train control system: German

Easy recognition guide

Double decked bright yellow-white-green livery
Typical latest Stadler design ends

To the top of the page

Main > Reference > Germany> Electric Multiple Units